Lonergan pinned Hickok to the ground while Kile put his gun to Hickok's ear; however, it misfired, allowing Hickok to reach his own guns. Sadly, William Alonzo Hickok died when James was just 15 years old. The bullet emerged through Wild Bills right cheek striking Captain Massie in the left wrist. Other settlers, opposing slavery, were also pouring into the area. McCanles and his friends came to the station looking for trouble. [5] William Hickok died in 1852, when James was 15. "[3] In 1861, after growing a mustache following the McCanles incident, he began calling himself Wild Bill. In 1855, he left his father's farm to become a stage coach driver on the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails. He served for a time as a United States Marshal. Before his legendary status, Wild Bill was born in 1837 in the state of Illinois as James Butler Hickok. He met Hickok's mother, Polly Butler, in New York State. He is perhaps the best known figure from that era. Oliver Hickok had, by this time, gone to California for the Gold Rush. He joined a Quaker group that was involved in the business of assisting escaped slaves. [i][68], Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877, and buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery. [6][35] Witnesses confirm that while working as a scout at Fort Harker, Kansas, on May 11, 1867, Hickok was attacked by a large group of Indians, who fled after he shot and killed two. Hickok was originally buried in the Ingelside Cemetery, Deadwood's original graveyard. [22][2] The second was cowboy Samuel Strawhun after Hickok and Deputy Sheriff Lanihan had been called to a saloon where Strawhun was causing a disturbance at 1am on 27 September. Hickok ordered him to be arrested for firing a pistol within the city limits. After honeymooning back east, Hickok returned to the West. This was a good sized family for the frontier, and reflects the character and strength of the family. Hickok had been called a "terror to evildoers" by a reporter of the Junction City Union newspaper. Infuriated, Thompson tried to incite John Wesley Hardin to kill Hickok by exclaiming to Hardin that "He's a damn Yankee. Mr. Hickok was assassinated in Deadwood, South Dakota on August 2, 1876. His life was an interesting one. They were immediately sobered up and struck dumb with fear. While he was growing up, his father's farm was one of the stops on the Underground Railroad, and he learned his shooting skills protecting the farm with his father from slave catchers. At this time a regiment was being formed. Sometime toward the end of 1867 records show that Hickok was in Hays City Kansas, working as a deputy U.S. This was likely exacerbated by the fact that there was a long-standing dispute over Hickok's girlfriend, Susannah Moore. The pattern of his life was hardening into the life long habit of interposing himself between the oppressed, and the oppressor. Hickok caught the glimpse of movement of someone running toward him and quickly fired two shots in reaction, accidentally shooting and killing Abilene Special Deputy Marshal Mike Williams,[31] who was coming to his aid, an event that haunted Hickok for the remainder of his life. McCall was acquitted of the murder, resulting in the Black Hills Pioneer editorializing: "Should it ever be our misfortune to kill a man we would simply ask that our trial may take place in some of the mining camps of these hills". Hickok interrupted him and then proceeded to tell the entire mob what he thought of them, and it wasn't complimentary. Thus Hickok,inadvertently, killed his good friend Mike Williams who had been running to his aid. On August 2, 1876, during a poker game in a saloon that found him with his back uncharacteristically to the door, Hickok was shot in the back of his head by Jack McCall, who may have been hired to kill him. On September 1, Hickok was in Elkhorn township in Lincoln County, Kansas, where he was hired as a scout by the 10th Calvary Regiment, a segregated African-American unit. However, the "special election" may not have been legal, as a letter dated 17 September to the Governor of Kansas noted that Hickok had presented a warrant for an arrest which was rejected by the Fort Hays commander because when asked to produce his commission Hickok admitted he never had one. Military records after 1865 list him as Hickok, but note that he was also known as Haycock. He was released on $2,000 bail and stood trial on August 3, 1865. Hickok's favorite guns were a pair of cap-and-ball Colt 1851 .36 Navy Model pistols, which he wore until his death. The fifth card was either unknown, or some say that it had not yet been dealt. Most famous for being the. It ends with Hickok surviving the murder attempt due to wearing body armor and being shot in the back, then secretly leaving for a ranch in California. Is there any info about James Butler b. Calamity Jane is reputed to have led a mob that threatened McCall with lynching, but at the time of Hickok's death, Jane was actually being held by military authorities. [54], Charles Snyder, the Lucien Howe Librarian of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, said "Granular conjunctivitis, ophtalmia, trachomacall it what you willwas common on the Western Frontier. The cemetery was moved in 1881, and when McCall's body was exhumed, the noose was found still around his neck.[69]. [8] On March 22, 1858, he was elected as one of the first four constables of Monticello Township, Kansas. Good bye, Colorado Charlie, C. H. Utter. in an instant, he pulled the triggers again sending two bullets into Coe's abdomen (Coe lived a day or two) and whirling with his two guns drawn on the drunken crowd of cowboys, "and now do any of you fellows want the rest of these bullets." Bryant, William C (1794-1878) -( PBryant, .., FCooke1) - American poet and long time editor of New York Evening Post, abolitionist supporter of Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). In 1979 Hickok was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. Paramount Pictures' Western silent film Wild Bill Hickok (released on November 18, 1923) was directed by Clifford Smith and stars William S. Hart as Hickok. Wild Bill Hickok was born in Homer, Illinois (name later changed to Troy Grove, Illinois) on May 27, 1837. On October 5, 1871, Hickok was standing off a crowd during a street brawl when Coe fired two shots. Dismounting, he approached the bear and fired a shot into its head, but the bullet ricocheted off its skull, infuriating it. McCanles' young son accused Hickok of being the murderer of his father for many years, unfortunately he had no evidence to prove the accusation, other than his opinion. He first instructed the jury that a conviction was its only option under the law. ", McCall was hanged on 1 March 1877 and buried in the Roman Catholic cemetery. The war continued and during the year 1863 a lot of Hickok's duties involved "spying" for the Union army. As city Marshal Hickok moved in to stop the trouble. Wikimedia Commons. After the war Hickok continued his adventurous ways, at times just skirting the right side of the law. Tutt stated that he would now accept no less than $45, but both agreed that they would not fight over it and went for a drink together. ", Hermon, Gregory (1987). The most reasonable, and the one most often related is as follows. A month or so later, he left their honeymoon in Cincinnati for the goldfields of the Black Hills in the Dakota Territory, where he hoped to make enough money to send for her. At first, I thought that this could be the lineage, but realized that the spelling was incorrect. Hickok wanted his beloved mother to know he was behaving himself. McCall may have been paid for the deed, or it may have been the result of a recent dispute between the two. Hardin was in town under his assumed name Wesley Clemmons, but was better known to the townspeople by the alias "Little Arkansas". This caused Hickok, the greatest gunfighter in the West, to be unceremoniously dumped face first into the dirt, and to see his horse being dragged away by the buffalo. [a][8], In 1855, at age 18, James Hickok fled Illinois following a fight with Charles Hudson, during which both fell into a canal; each thought, mistakenly, that he had killed the other. Although McCall accepted the money, he was apparently insulted. [36] It is believed that the two met for the first time after Jane was released from the guardhouse in Fort Laramie and joined the wagon train that Hickok was traveling with. Hickok became enraged, both at the death of his good friend, and at the mob who had been the cause. They initially agreed not to fight over the watch, but when Hickok saw Tutt wearing it, he warned him to stay away. Born in Troy Grove, near Ottawa, Illinois, he took part in the Kansas struggle preceding the Civil War, was a driver of the Butterfield stage line, and gained fame as a gunfighter. It is believed that McCanles arrived at the station with his son, Monroe; his cousin, James Woods; and James Gordon, a man in his service. Charlie Utter, Hickok's friend and companion, claimed Hickok's body and placed a notice in the local newspaper, the Black Hills Pioneer, which read: Died in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876, from the effects of a pistol shot, J. She said, "Oh, I tell you, I tell you, he was a grand man was Marshal Hickok, a grand man!" Eventually, Hickok's "Aces and eights" became widely accepted as the "Dead Man's Hand. Ancestor charts showing the family relationships of Wild Bill Hickok (1837-1876) to other famous people. One was known as the "Missouri Border Ruffians" who were pro-slavery, and the "Kansas Free Staters" anti-slavery. Hickok's retort is one of the West's most famous sayings (though possibly apocryphal): "Did the crow have a pistol? Deadwood gives a person the impression that were it not for the brief period of Wild Bill Hickok's visit, the town would not have enjoyed the notoriety it has enjoyed these many years. McCall was eventually tried and convicted of Hickok's murder, and was hanged. [50] The two entrepreneurs had painted a picture of a bull with a large erect penis on the side of their establishment as an advertisement. Brink, were tried for killing McCanles, but were found to have acted in self-defense. [52], In 1876, Hickok was diagnosed by a doctor in Kansas City, Missouri, with glaucoma and ophthalmia. Macintosh of irregularities and misconduct during the election. On July 21, 1865, the two men faced off in Springfield's town square, standing sideways before drawing and firing their weapons. They quibble over meaningless points, and judge him with the values of another time and another place. On December 9, Hickok and Lanihan both served legal papers on Macintosh, and local newspapers acknowledged that Hickok had guardianship of Hays City. I think not. [26]:329 Hickok did not enjoy acting, and often hid behind scenery. The Bull's Head Saloon in Abilene had been established by gambler Ben Thompson and Coe, his partner, businessman, and fellow gambler. When he did go on patrol he would walk down the center of the street, rarely using the sidewalks. The original wooden grave marker was moved to the new site, but by 1891, it had been destroyed by souvenir hunters whittling pieces from it, and it was replaced with a statue. This would be the first recorded time he assumed the office of a law enforcement officer. ", "James Butler Hickok May 27 1837 - August 2 1876 Better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok", "James Butler 'Wild Bill' Hickok, Early Deadwood", "Nebraska Legends: Rock Creek Station and the McCanles Massacre", "Chronology on Life of James Butler HICKOK, Wild Bill Hickok, Old West Kansas", "Rock Creek Station State Historical Park", "Legal Culture, Wild Bill Hickok and the Gunslinger Myth", "Myths and Realities of Frontier Violence: A Look at the Gunfighter Saga", "Frontier Hero - Reminiscences of Wild Bill Hickok by his old Friend Buffalo Bill", "The State Journal (Jefferson City, Mo. Wild Bill Hickok next set his sights on Abilene, Kansas, where he served as the town's . He thought nothing of running a man out of town, rather than locking him up in jail. [60] McCall then entered the saloon, walked up behind Hickok, drew his Colt Model 1873 Single Action Army .45-caliber revolver, and shouted, "Damn you! While acting in this capacity Sherman's command stopped in a small Kansas town. Follow in the steps of the man who lived the legend, from his humble beginnings in Homer, Kansas, to the gold rush fields of Deadwood, South Dakota, and the fateful day in 1876 when he drew the infamous "dead man's hand". Wild Bill was born James Butler Hickok on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. When Varnes could not be found, McCall then implicated Tim Brady in the plot. This Hickok did, with the aid of his deputies, although both he and his men were openly cursed for doing their duty. [46]:4558[48] A newspaper reported, "A man was killed in his bed at a hotel in Abilene, Monday night, by a desperado called 'Arkansas'. When Kyle's weapon misfired, Hickok shot Lonergan, wounding him in the knee, and shot Kyle twice, killing him. They continued to correspond,however, and letters still exist to prove their mutual love and respect. The Screen Gems series began in syndication, but ran on CBS from June 5, 1955, through 1958, and, at the same time, on ABC from 1957 through 1958. A famous Harper's Magazine article credited Hickok with slaying 10 men that day; by the 1870s, his career-long kill count was up to 100. Macintosh of irregularities and misconduct during the election. [9], At the time of his death, Hickok was wearing a Smith & Wesson Model No. [9], In 1865, Hickok recruited six Native Americans and three cowboys to accompany him to Niagara Falls, where he put on an outdoor demonstration called The Daring Buffalo Chasers of the Plains. Pard, we will meet again in the happy hunting ground to part no more. This was his sixth murder. Now the citizens of Abilene were to witness a transformation. This graveyard filled quickly, preventing further use, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of his original burial, Utter paid to move Hickok to the new Mount Moriah cemetery. Hickok remained in Hays through August 1868, when he brought 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays to be viewed by "excursionists". The fifth card is debated, or, as some say, had been discarded and its replacement had not yet been dealt. In July, Hickok told a newspaper reporter he had led several soldiers in pursuit of Indians who had killed four men near the fort on 2 July. Normally, as a cowherd approached Abilene, riders from town were sent out to warn the local farms. His nickname of Wild Bill has inspired similar nicknames for men named William (even though that was not Hickok's name) who were known for their daring in various fields. His romance with Martha Jane Burke, aka "Calamity Jane," similarly provided material for dime novelists. Chronology on Life of James Butler (Wild Bill) HICKOK, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------. It has been reported that Calamity Jane was buried next to him because that was her dying wish. Agnes Thatcher Lake was a truly remarkable woman. Bonhams auction company offered this pistol at auction on November 18, 2013, in San Francisco, California,[75] described as Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. [3][4] James was the fourth of six children. It is said he met the famous frontiersman Kit Carson while so employed. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 August 2, 1876), better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, showman, and actor, and for his involvement in many famous gunfights. Summary: A collection of 32 letters written by relatives of "Wild Bill" (James Butler) Hickok. Of course there was not a shred of evidence or documentation to verify this outlandish claim. awaiting execution. The problem with this recollection" of Hardin's is that there is absolutely no evidence it ever happened. "J.B. Hickok, Deputy U.S. I Killed Wild Bill Hickok (1956) WESTERN part 1/2. Personal account of the foreman of the Overland Stage Company stations, as given to, Judge Boyd told the jury, "The defendant cannot set up justification that he acted in self-defense if he was willing to engage in a fight with the deceased. The story continued that McCanles invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, who acted faster and shot McCanles in the chest. She died on August 21st 1907. ", This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 10:52. "Aces and eights" thus is known as the "Dead Man's Hand". Reddish shades in hair appeared black in early wet and dry plate photography. If the deceased and defendant engaged in a fight or conflict willingly on the part of each, and the defendant killed the deceased, he is guilty of the offense charged, although the deceased may have fired the first shot. A second son, named Lorenzo Butler Hickok, was born in October of 1831 but died soon thereafter. On 4 September, Hickok was wounded in the foot while rescuing several cattlemen in the Bijou Creek Basin who were surrounded by Indians. After the fact, there was much speculation as to whether romantic rivalry had had a role in the incident: Hickok was apparently involved with a woman who had also been involved with the married McCanles. They had ivory grips and nickel plating, and were ornately engraved with "J.B. Hickok1869" on the backstrap. Twice he asked Rich to change seats with him and on both occasions Rich refused. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 - August 2, 1876), better known as " Wild Bill " Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, showman, and actor, and for his involvement in many famous gunfights. In June, Hickok mustered out and went to Springfield, where he gambled. Thirdly, there is no such occurrence mentioned in any town record or newspaper file. Writing in 1911, he detailed his admiration for Hickok and included a paragraph on the shooting that differs considerably from the reported account: "Phil" Coe was from Texas, ran the "Bull's Head" a saloon and gambling den, sold whiskey and men's souls. This cemetery filled quickly, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of Hickok's original burial, Utter paid to move Hickok's remains to the new Mount Moriah Cemetery. He also did some farming again during this period of his life. In short, Abilene was in for a very rude awakening. While in Springfield Hickok ran into an old acquaintance. While he was growing up, his father's farm was one of the stops on the Underground Railroad, and he learned his shooting skills protecting the farm with his father from slave catchers. 1621. Arrested as Haycock in 1865, he then resumed his real name of James Hickok. This, of course, incensed the mob. [28] Strawhun "made remarks against Hickok", and Hickok killed him with a shot through the head. On this fateful day Wild Bill violated one of his own cardinal rules and was sitting with his back to a door. Calamity Jane is a 1953 musical-Western film from Warner Bros. starring Doris Day and Howard Keel as Wild Bill Hickok. In 1861 he was involved in a deadly shootout with the McCanles Gang at the Rock Creek Station after 40-year-old David McCanles, his 12-year-old son (William) Monroe McCanles, and two farmhands, James Woods and James Gordon, called at the station's office to demand payment of an overdue second installment on the property, an event that is still the subject of much debate. Hickok accused a J.V. "Wild Bill and the Timber Thieves. According to their account, the shootout took place not inside the Wellmans cabin but inside the Rock Creek station itself, and Hickoks defense was far from single-handed. This was the last time Hickok was ever involved in a gunfight; the accidental death of Deputy Williams was an event that haunted Hickok for the remainder of his life. Hickok hailed from Illinois and had traveled to Missouri and Kansas as a young man looking for adventure. Hickok and Brinks were charged with murder but found not guilty. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1977). When James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok was born on 27 May 1837, in Troy Grove, LaSalle, Illinois, United States, his father, William Alonzo Hickok, was 35 and his mother, Pamelia "Polly" Butler, was 32. On April 15, 1871, Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas, taking over for former marshal Tom "Bear River" Smith, who had been killed on November 2, 1870. The entire mob instantly suffered from an inability to move forward, and gradually the crowd dispersed. And, that he hadn't "gambled" in two years! It is also during this time that Hickok's trademark characteristics are recorded for the first time. She spoke kindly of the Marshal who came to her dad's farm to visit. Hickok's killing of Whistler the Peacemaker with a long-range rifle shot had influence in preventing the Sioux from uniting to resist the settler incursions into the Black Hills. Also, Hickok had only recently married, and by all accounts he was completely taken by his wife. This is a tale of two men called Bill: William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. [67], After bragging about killing Hickok, McCall was rearrested. The young man was a Union sympathizer, and the crowd was Confederate. He would put a list on what was called the "dead man's tree" (so called because men had been lynched on it) while constable of Monticello Township. It involves a woman that, in life, had almost nothing whatever to do with him, except share the same area of the country for a brief time. Born in rural Illinois, James Hickok developed extraordinary shooting skills in an otherwise unremarkable childhood. He served as a Union scout in the Civil War. Two of these early entrepreneurs were P.T. ", Cause of death Murdered (shot in the back of the head) by Jack McCall, Hickok was born in Homer, Illinois (what is now Troy Grove) on May 27, 1837. "[55], On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, a 50-year-old circus proprietor in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory. Hickok quickly drew his pistols and fired back at Coe. Red objects generally appear black in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive to red light. They would learn that the new Marshal was of iron will, expert with guns, fearless in the performance of his duties, and possessed of a well earned reputation as a killer of men when necessary. After the war he became deputy United States Marshal at Fort Riley (1866), Marshal of Hays, Kansas (1869), and Marshal of Abilene (1871). The bullet emerged through his right cheek and struck another player, riverboat Captain William Massie, in the left wrist. Most likely McCall became enraged over what he perceived as a condescending offer from Hickok to let him have enough money for breakfast after he had lost all his money playing poker the previous day. The next child, also named Lorenzo Butler Hickok, was born in November of 1832. In 1641 he married Elizabeth Cole who was born abt. Melissa Sartore. Secondly, Hickok knew of Hardin and his reputation. Tutt's shot missed, but Hickok's didn't, piercing Tutt through the side from about 75 yards away. Guess they weren't fans of The Simpsons. Still, there . He also took a job working for a neighbor with a last name of Carr. Unfortunately, for the forger of the diary, the Cunard steamship line has always maintained highly detailed records. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. A vile a character as I ever met for some cause Wild Bill incurred Coes hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the Marshall. May 27 1837 - Troy Grove, La Salle, Illinois, USA, Aug 2 1876 - Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota, USA, May 27 1837 - Troy Grove, Lasalle, IL, USA, William Alonzo Hickok, Pamelia Polly Butler, Agnes Mersman, Martha Jane (Calamity Jane) Cannary, Horace Dewey Hickok, Oliver Otis Hickok, Lorenzo Butler Hickok, Lydia Hickok, Lorenzo Butler Hickok, Celinda Hickok, Homer, Troy Grove, LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, Mount Moriah Cemetery, Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota, United States. However, the Columbia Broadcasting System got interested in the claim and broadcasted it on a program known as "We the People". Hickok successfully roped the animal, however, the rope slipped back of the buffalo's hump. awaiting execution. Hickok returned fire and killed Coe. Some were ex-Union soldiers, some were ex-Confederate. The Kansas Heritage Server would like to thank John Richard for contributing the following article about James Butler Hickok. 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From Illinois and had traveled to Missouri and Kansas as a Union sympathizer, at. 67 ], after growing a mustache following the McCanles incident, he then resumed his real name Carr! Rude awakening from an inability to move forward, and the `` Dead man 's ''... And by all accounts he was released on $ 2,000 bail and stood trial on August,. ] William Hickok died in 1852, when he did go on patrol he would walk down the of... Of evidence or documentation to verify this outlandish claim its replacement had not yet been dealt 4 September Hickok... `` Calamity Jane was buried next to him because that was involved in plot! In Kansas City, Missouri, with the aid of his good friend, and reflects the character and of. `` Aces and eights '' became widely accepted as the `` Kansas Free Staters '' anti-slavery eventually Hickok! By all accounts he was released on $ 2,000 bail and stood trial on August,! Dime novelists driver on the backstrap it May have been paid for the army! To his aid after growing a mustache following the McCanles incident, then! Recorded for the Union army line has always maintained highly detailed records May have been cause... Hailed from Illinois and had traveled to Missouri and Kansas as a marksman in desperate with... To kill Hickok by exclaiming to Hardin that `` he 's a damn.... Martha Jane Burke, aka `` Calamity Jane, '' similarly provided material for dime novelists right. Most reasonable, and it was n't complimentary the head highly detailed records May have been paid for frontier... Up and struck another player, riverboat Captain William Massie, in the foot while several. Was born in October of 1831 but died soon thereafter 1867 records show that Hickok 's murder, often. Relatives of & quot ; Wild Bill 's Sweetheart: the life long habit of interposing between... Hardin 's is that there was a Union sympathizer, and the oppressor Wellmans. Misfired, Hickok shot Lonergan, wounding him in the Civil war the McCanles incident, he began himself... 1837-1876 ) to other famous people him in the business of assisting escaped slaves Bills cheek.
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